The Science of Siblings is a fascinating exploration into the relationships between siblings and how they can shape various aspects of our lives. From our finances to our mental well-being, siblings play a significant role in influencing who we are at a molecular level. Over the next few weeks, we will delve into these stories and uncover the intricate connections between siblings.

When asked about Earth’s closest sibling in the solar system, many would likely point to Mars due to its proximity and similarities in origin. However, there is another planet that bears a striking resemblance to Earth in terms of size, composition, and distance from the Sun – Venus.

Referred to as Earth’s twin by affectionate planetary scientists known as Venusians, Venus shares a common history with our planet. Martha Gilmore, a respected Venusian and professor at Wesleyan University, highlights that billions of years ago, Earth, Mars, and Venus would have appeared much more alike, each potentially hosting oceans.

Today, the three planets have evolved into distinct entities. Earth thrives with life, while Mars and Venus have taken divergent paths. Mars is a cold, arid world with a thin atmosphere, while Venus stands out as the hottest planet in our solar system, enveloped in a dense, hostile atmosphere.

Venus’s extreme conditions make it a challenging environment for exploration. Despite numerous attempts, no probe has survived more than two hours on its surface, with temperatures exceeding 800 degrees Fahrenheit and pressures over 75 times greater than those on Earth.

The drastic differences between Earth and Venus can be attributed to factors such as their distance from the Sun and internal heat. These variables have shaped Venus into a scorching world vastly different from its once potentially habitable state.

Understanding the transformations that Earth, Mars, and Venus have undergone offers valuable insights into planetary evolution and the delicate balance that sustains life on our planet. As we continue to unravel the mysteries of our celestial neighbors, the story of Earth’s siblings serves as a reminder of the dynamic nature of our solar system.