Recent studies show that nearly 42% of Americans are now nearsighted, a significant increase from 25% fifty years ago. Additionally, it is predicted that half of the world’s population could be affected by myopia by mid-century. But what exactly causes nearsightedness?

At the Children’s Museum of Minnesota, a place where screens are limited, the impact of excessive screen time on eyesight is evident. Dr. Andrew Ritter, an optometrist at M Health Fairview, notes the rise in cases of myopia compared to previous decades.

Myopia, or nearsightedness, is characterized by a physical change in the eye structure. Dr. Ritter explains that in myopic eyes, light focuses inside the eye rather than on the retina, resulting in blurred vision. While genetics play a role in myopia, research indicates that prolonged periods of close-up activities, screen time, and lack of outdoor exposure can also contribute to its development.

To address the issue, Dr. Ritter suggests following guidelines from the American Academy of Pediatrics regarding screen time for children. For kids under 2 years old, limited screen exposure is recommended, with outdoor activities encouraged for all ages, especially during the summer months. Implementing the 20-20-20 rule, where individuals take a break every 20 minutes to look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds, can help alleviate eye strain and potentially slow the progression of myopia.

Parents are advised to schedule regular eye checkups for their children to monitor any vision concerns. By being mindful of screen time, promoting outdoor play, and taking necessary precautions, individuals can take steps to prevent and manage myopia effectively.