Recent research has revealed a concerning link between eczema and cognitive impairment in children with neurodevelopmental comorbidities. Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis (AD), is a chronic condition characterized by dry, itchy, and inflamed skin. While common in young children, it can affect individuals of any age and is associated with an increased risk of developing food allergies, hay fever, and asthma.
The study, published in Jama Dermatology, examined a weighted sample of over 69.7 million U.S. children, of which 13.2% had atopic dermatitis. The findings indicated that children with neurodevelopmental comorbidities, such as ADHD or learning disabilities, faced a two to threefold higher risk of cognitive impairment when they also had eczema. However, there was no significant association between eczema and learning or memory difficulties in children without neurodevelopmental conditions.
The researchers emphasized the importance of evaluating cognitive impairments in children with eczema and neurodevelopmental disorders, as it could aid in better risk stratification and prioritization of cognitive assessment. However, the study did not consider factors such as the severity or age of onset of eczema, sleep disturbances, or comorbid depressive or anxiety symptoms, which may influence the relationship between atopic dermatitis and cognitive impairment. Therefore, further research is warranted to comprehensively understand the impact of these factors.
Dr. Joy Wan, the study’s author from Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, highlighted the need for clinicians to assess the impact of atopic dermatitis on children’s daily functions, particularly in school activities. The study’s results underscore the importance of screening for cognitive impairment, particularly among children with neurodevelopmental diagnoses or concerns, while suggesting that children without such concerns are not at notably high risk for cognitive impairment.
These findings shed light on the potential cognitive implications of eczema in children with neurodevelopmental comorbidities, emphasizing the significance of comprehensive assessments and further research to better understand and address these associations.
