Researchers have discovered a groundbreaking revelation in a recent study published in the journal Nature Communications. The study revealed the presence of Down syndrome and the rare Edwards syndrome in the DNA of ancient infants, shedding light on how societies in premodern times cared for individuals with genetic conditions.
The global collaborative effort involved the analysis of DNA samples from nearly 10,000 preserved human remains, leading to the identification of six cases of Down syndrome and one case of Edwards syndrome, all from Europe. These findings not only demonstrate the existence of infants with Down syndrome in various ancient populations but also provide insight into the treatment of individuals with rare genetic conditions within those communities.
Lead author Adam Rohrlach, an ancient DNA researcher at the University of Adelaide in Australia, emphasized that the burial practices of these individuals indicated a level of acknowledgment and inclusion within their respective communities. This suggests that they were not treated differently in death and were recognized as integral members of their societies.
Down syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder characterized by the presence of an additional copy of chromosome 21, impacting the physical and cognitive development of affected individuals. The condition, occurring in approximately 1 in every 700 babies, can lead to learning disabilities and heart disorders.
Diagnosing Down syndrome in ancient remains poses significant challenges due to the variability of the condition. The diverse physical manifestations and varying degrees of severity make it difficult to identify solely based on skeletal remains. Additionally, distinct facial features associated with Down syndrome, such as almond-shaped eyes, are not always discernible in skeletal remains.
These findings provide valuable insights into the historical care and treatment of individuals with genetic conditions, offering a unique perspective on the inclusivity and social dynamics of ancient societies.
