Scientists at Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, have made a groundbreaking discovery in the field of generating highly focused and intense X-rays. The team has developed a new energy-efficient method that can produce X-rays up to a thousand times more intense than traditional techniques, as reported in the journal Light: Science & Applications.

The innovative approach involves using computer simulations to propel electrons at an ultra-thin material with highly ordered structures, such as graphene. By shaping the wave-like patterns of electron travel in a specific manner, the particles’ path aligns with the material’s atomic positions, resulting in the emission of X-rays at significantly higher intensities. This breakthrough opens doors for ultra high-quality X-ray imaging, enabling accurate flaw detection in semiconductor chips and offering the potential for more focused X-ray imaging in health screening while consuming less energy.

Ordinarily, electrons without wave shaping exhibit a uniform wave pattern during travel, leading to the production of X-rays in broad directions. While these X-rays can be used for imaging, the quality is not optimal. However, by employing a waveshaping instrument, such as a phase plate, to shape the electrons, the resulting X-rays are brighter, directional, and of higher quality. This advancement allows for the imaging of smaller areas of the body, such as finger joints, with exceptional clarity.

The implications of this research are far-reaching, with potential applications in various fields, including semiconductor industry and healthcare. The ability to generate powerful and finely controlled X-rays has the potential to revolutionize imaging technologies, offering unprecedented precision and efficiency.