The Oklahoma State Department of Health (OSDH) has reported the first human case and death from the West Nile Virus in the state. The virus, which is transmitted through mosquito bites, claimed the life of an individual residing in Southwest Oklahoma who had been hospitalized.

The West Nile Virus is primarily spread by Culex mosquitoes, which acquire the virus by feeding on infected birds. These mosquitoes tend to breed in stagnant water sources and are more prevalent during the mid to late summer months when temperatures are high and the weather is dry.

Jolianne Stone, the state epidemiologist, highlighted that with the onset of summer, the number of human cases is expected to rise as more people engage in outdoor activities, increasing the likelihood of encountering infected mosquitoes.

According to recent data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), there have been a total of 15 human cases of West Nile Virus reported in the U.S. so far this year.

Protecting Yourself from West Nile Virus

Given that there is currently no specific treatment or vaccine for the virus, the best preventive measure is to avoid mosquito bites. The OSDH recommends the following precautions:

• Use insect repellent containing DEET, picaridin, or IR3535 when outdoors, especially during dawn and dusk.
• Ensure doors and windows have screens installed or repaired to prevent mosquitoes from entering the home.
• Eliminate any standing water sources around the house, such as buckets, flower pots, and pool covers, as they can serve as breeding grounds for mosquitoes.
• Regularly empty and refill pet water bowls, scrub and refill bird baths every three days, and clean rain gutters to prevent water accumulation.

Symptoms and Risks

While many individuals infected with the West Nile Virus may not display any symptoms, those who do may experience mild effects such as sudden fever, headache, dizziness, or muscle weakness. Individuals over the age of 50, diabetics, or those with uncontrolled hypertension are at a higher risk of developing severe neurological complications from the infection.

If the virus affects the nervous system, symptoms can include confusion, loss of consciousness, paralysis, and neck stiffness. Long-term consequences may involve difficulty concentrating, migraines, severe muscle weakness, tremors, and limb paralysis.

Recovery from West Nile Virus infection typically occurs over time, but it is crucial to take preventive measures to reduce the risk of exposure to mosquitoes carrying the virus.