Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun is essential for our well-being, providing warmth, light, and enabling the production of vitamin D in our skin. However, excessive UV exposure can lead to dangerous skin damage, increasing the risk of skin cancer.

Prof Dorothy Bennett from St George’s, University of London emphasizes the importance of controlling UV exposure to mitigate the risks associated with it. Every exposure to UV, particularly sunburns, heightens the likelihood of developing skin cancer, with melanoma being identified as the fifth most common cancer in the UK.

UV radiation is known to damage DNA in skin cells, contributing to skin cancer development. Additionally, it has been associated with eye issues such as cataracts and may impact the body’s ability to defend against certain diseases.

The UV Index (UVI) is a standardized measure of UV radiation, with values ranging from zero to above 10. The higher the index, the greater the potential harm to the skin and eyes, and the quicker damage can occur.

UV levels vary throughout the day, with peak readings typically around solar noon when the sun is highest in the sky. Countries near the equator often experience very high UV levels, necessitating extra sun protection. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends protection when the UV Index is 6 or higher, with extreme caution required at levels 11 and above.

The NHS advises against tanning as there is no safe way to achieve it. Dr. Bav Shergill of the British Association of Dermatologists suggests using self-tan products instead of exposing the skin to UV light, which can lead to early burning despite minimal protection.

Even on cloudy or windy days, UV radiation can still reach the skin, posing a risk of damage. It is essential to prioritize sun protection measures regardless of the weather conditions to safeguard against the harmful effects of UV radiation.