A recent study conducted by the University of Kentucky has found that deaths from colorectal cancer in Appalachian Kentucky have shown a decline from 1999 to 2020. However, the rate of decline in this region is significantly lower than the national average, indicating a concerning trend.

According to the study, in the 54 Kentucky counties served by the Appalachian Regional Commission, the mortality rate for colorectal cancer decreased from 31.24 deaths per 100,000 residents in 1999 to 24.46 per 100,000 in 2020. In contrast, the national rate dropped by almost half, from 27 Americans per 100,000 in 1999 to 14.81 in 2020.

Over the 21-year period covered by the study, the average colorectal cancer death rate in Appalachian Kentucky remained around 26 per 100,000 residents, while in the 66 non-Appalachian counties, the rate was approximately 22 per 100,000. The national average stood at 19.43 deaths per 100,000, with Kentucky ranking fourth highest in death rates.

The study, published in the journal Gastroenterology, utilized data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention concerning the causes of death among Americans aged 15 and above. Dr. Syed Hassan, the lead author of the study and a research coordinator and clinical research scientist at UK’s Department of Internal Medicine, emphasized the need to improve screening rates and enhance education on colorectal cancer.

Dr. Hassan expressed concern over the fact that nearly 41% of colorectal cancer deaths in Appalachian Kentucky occurred at home, suggesting that many individuals may not have sought medical attention until the cancer had progressed significantly. He highlighted the importance of access to healthcare, lifestyle factors, and education in addressing this issue.

Anxiety surrounding colonoscopies and cancer screenings, as well as a lack of awareness about the disease, were identified as potential barriers to early detection and treatment. Dr. Hassan noted that socioeconomic status could also influence individuals’ perceptions of their ability to afford healthcare services.

Regular screening for colon cancer is recommended to commence at age 45, as these types of cancers typically manifest after the age of 40. However, recent studies have shown an increase in colorectal cancer cases among younger individuals, particularly those with risk factors.

Factors such as family history, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, obesity, and dietary habits rich in red meat, salt, and saturated fats, or low in fiber, can contribute to the development of colorectal cancer. Individuals with close relatives who have had colorectal cancer are predisposed to developing precancerous polyps that may progress to cancer.

Efforts to raise awareness, improve access to screening, and educate the public about colorectal cancer are crucial in combating this disease. Early detection and intervention play a vital role in improving outcomes and reducing mortality rates associated with colorectal cancer.